Histone Mutations and Cancer by Unknown

Author:Unknown
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9789811581045
Publisher: Springer Singapore

3.5 Influence of H3K27M and H3K27me3 Alterations on the Gene Expression in Brain Tumors

Several studies have demonstrated the importance of changes in H3K27me3 occupancy in long-term gene repression in different biological processes. Thus, the expression of H3K27M in cells can lead to a concomitant change in the expression of several differentially expressed genes that are key players of the embryonic morphogenesis, activity of transcription factors, cancer pathways, and differentiation on neurons [19, 20]. These differentially expressed genes include MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A (MICA) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (PDGFRA) as well as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) [24, 27, 28]. While MICA downregulation has been suggested in glioma as an important mechanism for the immune evasion, the upregulation of PDGFRA is involved in gliomagenesis [27, 28]. Moreover, the repression of CDKN2A has recently been reported to be involved in H3K27M-driven tumorigenesis [24]. Interestingly, a new model was suggested by which H3K27me2/3 can facilitate both the genome stability maintenance and the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) capability in more recent researches [29].

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